What Everybody Else Does When It Comes To Oppenheimer Wikipedia And What You Should Do Different

English Wikipedia Wikipedia

Many wiki implementations, such as MediaWiki, the software program that powers Wikipedia, allow customers to produce an edit abstract after they edit a page. This is a brief piece of text summarizing the adjustments they've made (e.g. "Corrected grammar" or "Fixed formatting in table"). It just isn't inserted into the article's primary textual content but is saved along with that revision of the web page, permitting users to explain what has been carried out and why.
The content material should conform with Wikipedia's insurance policies, including being verifiable by published sources. Editors' opinions, beliefs, personal experiences, unreviewed research, libelous materials, and copyright violations won't stay. Wikipedia's software program allows simple reversal of errors, and experienced editors watch and patrol bad edits. Written collaboratively by largely anonymous volunteers, Wikipedia articles may be edited by anybody with Internet access (and who just isn't presently blocked), except in limited instances where modifying is restricted to forestall disruption or vandalism.
The content is saved in a file system, and changes to the content material are saved in a relational database management system. A commonly carried out software program bundle is MediaWiki, which runs Wikipedia. Alternatively, private wikis run as a standalone utility on a single computer.
Sắc and nặng are counted twice in the system, once in khứ (去; 'departing') and again in nhập (入; 'entering'). The cause for the additional two tones is for tones that finish in checked sounds similar to /p/, /t/, /c/ and /k/. Vietnamese Catholics practice a distinctive style of prayer recitation known as đọc kinh, in which each tone is assigned a selected note or sequence of notes. Words with tones belonging to a particular tone group should occur in certain positions within the poetic verse.
Since its creation on January 15, 2001, it has grown into the world's largest reference web site, attracting over a billion visitors monthly. Wikipedia currently has more than sixty-one million articles in more than 300 languages, including 6,696,372 articles in English with 116,233 active contributors prior to now month. It can additionally be spoken by the Jing individuals historically residing on three islands (now joined to the mainland) off Dongxing in southern Guangxi Province, China.[30] A giant number of Vietnamese speakers also reside in neighboring international locations of Cambodia and Laos.
The Unicode character set incorporates all Vietnamese characters and the Vietnamese forex image. On techniques that don't support Unicode, many 8-bit Vietnamese code pages can be found such as Vietnamese Standard Code for Information Interchange (VSCII) or Windows-1258. Where ASCII should be used, Vietnamese letters are sometimes typed using the VIQR conference, though that is largely pointless with the increasing ubiquity of Unicode. There are many software tools that help type Roman-script Vietnamese on English keyboards, similar to WinVNKey and Unikey on Windows, or MacVNKey on Macintosh, with well-liked strategies of encoding Vietnamese utilizing Telex, VNI or VIQR input strategies all included. Besides third-party software instruments, working techniques such as Windows or macOS can be installed with Vietnamese and Vietnamese keyboard, e.g.
Any reader can fix a mistake or add extra data to articles (see Researching with Wikipedia). The wikipedia game group has developed many policies and pointers, although editors don't have to be conversant in them earlier than contributing. Wikipedia's purpose is to benefit readers by containing data on all branches of knowledge. Hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, it consists of freely editable content material, whose articles even have numerous hyperlinks to information readers to extra data. The syllable-initial ch and tr digraphs are pronounced distinctly within the North-Central, Central, and Southern varieties however are merged in Northern varieties, which pronounce them the identical way).
Another word recreation considerably paying homage to pig latin is performed by kids. Here a nonsense syllable (chosen by the child) is prefixed onto a target word's syllables, then their preliminary consonants and rimes are switched with the tone of the original word remaining on the new switched rime. Some North-Central varieties (such as Hà Tĩnh Vietnamese) have a slight[clarification needed] merger of the ngã and nặng tones however maintain the hỏi tone distinct. Still, other North-Central varieties have a three-way merger of hỏi, ngã, and nặng and so have a four-tone system.
Successive monarchical dynasties absorbed Chinese influences by way of Confucianism and Buddhism, and expanded southward to the Mekong Delta, conquering Champa. During most of the seventeenth and 18th centuries, Vietnam was successfully divided into two domains of Đàng Trong and Đàng Ngoài. In 1887, its territory was built-in into French Indochina as three separate regions. In the instant aftermath of World War II, the nationalist coalition Viet Minh, led by the communist revolutionary Ho Chi Minh, launched the August Revolution and declared Vietnam's independence in 1945. The dialect areas differ mostly of their sound techniques (see below) but in addition in vocabulary (including fundamental and non-basic vocabulary) and grammar.[j] The North-Central and the Central regional varieties, which have a big number of vocabulary differences, are generally much less mutually intelligible to Northern and Southern speakers.
Vietnamese, like Chinese and tons of languages in Southeast Asia, is an analytic language. Vietnamese doesn't use morphological marking of case, gender, quantity or tense (and, in consequence, has no finite/nonfinite distinction).[h] Also like different languages within the area, Vietnamese syntax conforms to subject–verb–object word order, is head-initial (displaying modified-modifier ordering), and has a noun classifier system. Not all dialects of Vietnamese have the same consonant in a given word (although all dialects use the same spelling in the written language). Some consonant sounds are written with only one letter (like "p"), other consonant sounds are written with a digraph (like "ph"), and others are written with more than one letter or digraph (the velar cease is written variously as "c", "k", or "q"). In some circumstances, they're based on their Middle Vietnamese pronunciation; since that period, ph and kh (but not th) have developed from aspirated stops into fricatives (like Greek phi and chi), whereas d and gi have collapsed and converged together (into /z/ within the north and /j/ within the south). A neighbor wiki is solely a wiki that may talk about comparable content or could otherwise be of interest.
Wikimedia is a worldwide movement whose mission is to bring free educational content material to the world. Each month's name is simply the ordinal of that month appended after the word tháng, which suggests "month". Traditional Vietnamese, nevertheless, assigns other names to some months; these names are mostly used within the lunar calendar and in poetry. Vietnamese tones had been classified into two primary groups, bằng (平; 'degree tones') and trắc (仄; 'sharp tones'). Tones corresponding to ngang and huyền belong to the bằng group, while tones that are not ngang and huyền corresponding to sắc, hỏi, ngã, and nặng belong to the trắc group. Then, theses tones have been additional divided in several other categorizes like bình (平; 'even'), thượng (上; 'rising'), khứ (去; 'departing') , and nhập (入; 'coming into').
Some wikis have an edit button or hyperlink directly on the page being viewed if the consumer has permission to edit the web page. This can result in a text-based modifying web page the place individuals can construction and format wiki pages with a simplified markup language, typically generally recognized as wikitext, wiki markup or wikicode (it can even result in a WYSIWYG modifying web page; see the paragraph after the desk below). For instance, starting traces of text with asterisks could create a bulleted listing. The style and syntax of wikitexts can range tremendously among wiki implementations,[example needed] a few of which also permit HTML tags.
As a results of several land reform measures, Vietnam has turn out to be a major exporter of agricultural products. Agriculture's share of Vietnam's GDP has fallen in latest decades, declining from 42% in 1989 to 20% in 2006 as production in other sectors of the economy has risen. The Wikipedia Version 1.0 Editorial Team has developed a table (shown below) that displays knowledge of all rated articles by quality and significance, on the English Wikipedia.
De Rhodes's orthography additionally made use of an apex diacritic, as in o᷄ and u᷄, to indicate a ultimate labial-velar nasal /ŋ͡m/, an allophone of /ŋ/ that is peculiar to the Hanoi dialect to the current day. This diacritic is commonly mistaken for a tilde in fashionable reproductions of early Vietnamese writing. Other neighborhood news publications include the "WikiWorld" net comic, the Wikipedia Weekly podcast, and newsletters of specific WikiProjects like The Bugle from WikiProject Military History and the month-to-month newsletter from The Guild of Copy Editors. There are numerous publications from the Wikimedia Foundation and multilingual publications such because the Wikimedia Blog and This Month in Education.
Users also can create any number of index or table-of-contents pages, with hierarchical categorization or whatever type of organization they like. These may be difficult to maintain up "by hand", as a number of authors and customers may create and delete pages in an advert hoc, unorganized method. Wikis can present one or more methods to categorize or tag pages to help the maintenance of such index pages. Some wikis, together with the unique, have a backlink feature, which displays all pages that link to a given web page. It is also sometimes potential in a wiki to create hyperlinks to pages that don't yet exist, as a method to invite others to share what they know about a subject new to the wiki. Wiki users can typically "tag" pages with classes or keywords, to make it easier for different customers to search out the article.
Some wiki engines are free and open-source, whereas others are proprietary. Some allow management over different functions (levels of access); for example, enhancing rights might permit altering, including, or removing material. More lately, the expansion of the free market system has resulted in elevated interregional motion and relations between distant components of Vietnam by way of business and travel. The actions have additionally resulted in some blending of dialects and more significantly have made the Northern dialect more simply understood in the South and vice versa. Most Southerners, when singing modern/old in style Vietnamese songs or addressing the public, accomplish that within the standardized accent if attainable, which uses the Northern pronunciation.
The reforms facilitated Vietnamese reintegration into the global economy and politics. The Economist reported that the number of contributors with a mean of 5 or extra edits per month was comparatively constant since 2008 for Wikipedia in other languages at approximately forty two,000 editors inside narrow seasonal variances of about 2,000 editors up or down. The variety of energetic editors in English Wikipedia, by "sharp" comparability, was cited as peaking in 2007 at approximately 50,000 and dropping to 30,000 by the beginning of 2014. English Wikipedia is hosted alongside different language editions by the Wikimedia Foundation, an American non-profit group. Its content material is written independently of different editions[1] in various varieties of English, aiming to stay constant inside articles. Nevertheless, the major dialects are still predominant of their respective areas and have additionally evolved over time with influences from different areas.
Although Vietnamese roots are categorized as Austroasiatic, Vietic and Viet-Muong, the result of language contact with Chinese closely influenced the Vietnamese language, causing it to diverge from Viet-Muong into Vietnamese, which was seen to have break up Vietnamese from Muong across the 10th to 11th century. For occasion, the Vietnamese word quản lý, that means management (noun) or manage (verb) is likely descended from the identical word as guǎnlǐ (管理) in Chinese, kanri (管理, かんり) in Japanese, and gwanli (관리, 管理) in Korean. Instances of Chinese contact embrace the historical Nam Việt (aka Nanyue) as properly as different intervals of influences. Besides English and French which have made some contributions to Vietnamese language, Japanese loanwords into Vietnamese are additionally a extra recently studied phenomenon.
Basic vocabulary in Vietnamese are of Proto-Vietic origins, these words are thought-about as pure Vietnamese words somewhat than loanwords. Vietnamese shares a considerable quantity of vocabulary with the Mường languages, a detailed relative of the Vietnamese language. In addition, trendy Vietnamese pronunciations of French names remain immediately derived from the original French pronunciation ("Pa-ri" for Paris, "Mác-xây" for Marseille, "Boóc-đô" for Bordeaux, and so forth.), whereas pronunciations of other international names (Chinese excluded) are typically derived from English pronunciations.
For instance, a German Wikipedia article in regards to the Blaster Worm was edited to include a hyperlink to a malicious web site. Users of weak Microsoft Windows methods who followed the link could be contaminated.[10] A countermeasure is the use of software program that forestalls users from saving an edit that incorporates a hyperlink to a web site listed on a blacklist of malicious sites. Within the textual content of most pages, there are often many hypertext links to different pages inside the wiki. This form of non-linear navigation is extra "native" to a wiki than structured/formalized navigation schemes.
Historically, accents have been distinguished by how every region pronounces the letters d ([z] within the Northern dialect and [j] within the Central and Southern dialect) and r ([z] within the Northern dialect and [r] in the Central and Southern dialects). Thus, the Central and the Southern dialects can be mentioned to have retained a pronunciation nearer to Vietnamese orthography and resemble how Middle Vietnamese sounded, in contrast to the trendy Northern (Hanoi) dialect, which has since undergone pronunciation shifts. Some English words had been integrated into Vietnamese as mortgage words, similar to "TV" borrowed as "tivi" or simply TV, however nonetheless formally called truyền hình. Some different borrowings are calques, translated into Vietnamese, for instance, 'software program' is translated into "phần mềm" (literally meaning "soft part"). Some scientific phrases corresponding to "organic cell" were derived from chữ Hán, for instance, the word tế bào is 細胞 in chữ Hán, whilst other scientific names such as "acetylcholine" are unaltered. Before Vietnamese switched from a Chinese-based script to a Latin-based script, Vietnamese had used the standard Chinese system of classifying tones.
While CamelCase makes linking straightforward, it additionally results in hyperlinks in a form that deviates from the standard spelling. To hyperlink to a web page with a single-word title, one should abnormally capitalize one of the letters in the word (e.g. "WiKi" as a substitute of "Wiki"). CamelCase-based wikis are immediately recognizable as a end result of they've many hyperlinks with names corresponding to "TableOfContents" and "BeginnerQuestions".
This is similar to a log message when making modifications in a revision-control system. This allows other users to see which modifications have been made by whom and why, often in an inventory of summaries, dates and other short, relevant content, an inventory which is known as a "log" or "historical past". Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established within the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam under Chinese rule from 111 BC, till the first dynasty emerged in 939.
For example, a user creating a model new article on cold-weather biking would possibly "tag" this page beneath the classes of commuting, winter sports and bicycling. Originally, most wikis[citation needed] used CamelCase to name pages and create links. These are produced by capitalizing words in a phrase and removing the spaces between them (the word "CamelCase" is itself an example).
A creating country with a lower-middle-income financial system, Vietnam is nonetheless one of many fastest-growing economies of the 21st century. Vietnam has excessive levels of corruption, censorship, environmental points and a poor human rights report; the nation ranks among the many lowest in international measurements of civil liberties, freedom of the press, and freedom of religion and ethnic minorities. It is a half of international and intergovernmental establishments including the ASEAN, the APEC, the CPTPP, the Non-Aligned Movement, the OIF, and the WTO.
In these implementations, the markup of a newly edited, marked-up model of the web page is generated and submitted to the server transparently, shielding the person from this technical detail. WYSIWYG controls do not, nevertheless, all the time present all the features available in wikitext, and a few customers choose to not use a WYSIWYG editor. Hence, many of those websites offer some means to edit the wikitext immediately. After World War II, France returned to reclaim colonial power in the First Indochina War, from which Vietnam emerged victorious in 1954. As a result of the treaties signed between the Viet Minh and France, Vietnam was additionally separated into two elements. The Vietnam War started shortly after, between the communist North, supported by the Soviet Union and China, and the anti-communist South, supported by the United States.
The centering diphthongs are shaped with only the three excessive vowels (i, ư, u). They are usually spelled as ia, ưa, ua when they end a word and are spelled iê, ươ, uô, respectively, when they are adopted by a consonant. Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia that anybody can edit in good religion, and millions have already got. The English Wikipedia is the primary[a] English-language version of Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia. It was created by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger on January 15, 2001, as Wikipedia's first version.
Save your favorite articles to learn offline, sync your reading lists throughout gadgets and customise your studying expertise with the official Wikipedia app. The Tale of Kiều is an epic narrative poem by the celebrated poet Nguyễn Du, (阮攸), which is commonly considered essentially the most vital work of Vietnamese literature. It was originally written in Chữ Nôm (titled Đoạn Trường Tân Thanh 斷腸新聲) and is extensively taught in Vietnam (in chữ Quốc Ngữ transliteration). Yogurt in Vietnamese is "sữa chua" (lit. "sour milk"), but additionally calqued from French (yaourt) into Vietnamese (da ua - /j/a ua). Musical note was borrowed into Vietnamese as "nốt" or "nốt nhạc", from the French notice de musique. The Vietnamese term for steering wheel is "vô lăng", a partial derivation from the French volant directionnel.
A delegate wiki is a wiki that agrees to have sure content material delegated to that wiki.[48] One means of discovering a wiki on a specific topic is to observe the wiki-node community from wiki to wiki. Most wikis provide a minimum of a title search, and typically a full-text search. The scalability of the search is dependent upon whether the wiki engine makes use of a database. Some wikis, such as PmWiki, use flat files.[12] MediaWiki's first variations used flat recordsdata, but it was rewritten by Lee Daniel Crocker within the early 2000s (decade) to be a database software.[citation needed] Indexed database entry is necessary for prime pace searches on large wikis. Alternatively, exterior search engines like google similar to Google Search can sometimes be used on wikis with limited searching capabilities to obtain extra exact results. Some wikis hold a document of changes made to wiki pages; typically, every model of the page is stored.
The pronunciation of the "rime" of the syllable, i.e. all components apart from the preliminary consonant (optional /w/ glide, vowel nucleus, tone and final consonant), appears nearly identical between Middle Vietnamese and trendy Hanoi pronunciation. On the other hand, the Middle Vietnamese pronunciation of the preliminary consonant differs greatly from all trendy dialects, and in fact is considerably nearer to the modern Saigon dialect than the modern Hanoi dialect. Malware can additionally be a problem for wikis, as users can add hyperlinks to sites hosting malicious code.
There is less internal variation throughout the Southern area than the other regions due to its relatively late settlement by Vietnamese-speakers (around the tip of the fifteenth century). The North-Central region is especially conservative since its pronunciation has diverged less from Vietnamese orthography than the other varieties, which tend to merge sure sounds. Along the coastal areas, regional variation has been neutralized to a sure extent, however more mountainous regions preserve extra variation. The romanised script became predominant over the course of the early 20th century, when education became widespread and a simpler writing system was discovered to be more expedient for teaching and communication with the overall inhabitants. The French colonial administration sought to eliminate Chinese writing, Confucianism, and other Chinese influences from Vietnam.[65] French superseded Chinese in administration. Vietnamese written with the alphabet grew to become required for all public documents in 1910 by concern of a decree by the French Résident Supérieur of the protectorate of Tonkin.
After France invaded Vietnam in the late 19th century, French steadily changed Chinese as the official language in education and government. Vietnamese adopted many French phrases, similar to đầm ('dame', from madame), ga ('practice station', from gare), sơ mi ('shirt', from chemise), and búp bê ('doll', from poupée) in addition to the Latin alphabet, resulting in a language that was Austroasiatic but with main Sino-influences and some minor French influences from the French colonial era. Wikis can also make WYSIWYG enhancing obtainable to users, usually via a JavaScript management that translates graphically entered formatting instructions into the corresponding HTML tags or wikitext.
In addition, there are a quantity of phonetic variations (mostly in pitch contour and phonation type) in the tones among the many dialects. With the rise of the Internet, new slang is generated and popularized by way of social media. This more trendy slang is commonly used among the younger generation of teenspeak in Vietnam. This newer slang is generally pure Vietnamese, and virtually all the words are homonyms or some form of wordplay. Some slang words may embody profanity swear words (derogatory) or just a play on words. Modern linguists describe fashionable Vietnamese having misplaced many Proto-Austroasiatic phonological and morphological features that unique Vietnamese had.[46] The Chinese affect on Vietnamese corresponds to varied durations when Vietnam was beneath Chinese rule, and subsequent affect after Vietnam turned unbiased.
In turn, Vietnamese reformists and nationalists themselves inspired and popularized the usage of chữ Quốc ngữ. By the middle of the 20th century, most writing was carried out in chữ Quốc ngữ, which became the official script on independence. The writing system used for Vietnamese relies closely on the system developed by Alexandre de Rhodes for his 1651 Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum. It displays the pronunciation of the Vietnamese of Hanoi at the moment, a stage commonly termed Middle Vietnamese (tiếng Việt trung đại).
Upon the North Vietnamese victory in 1975, Vietnam reunified as a unitary socialist state underneath the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) in 1976. An ineffective deliberate economic system, a trade embargo by the West, and wars with Cambodia and China crippled the nation additional. In 1986, the CPV initiated economic and political reforms just like the Chinese economic reform, remodeling the country to a socialist-oriented market financial system.
A wiki can render the visible anchor of such hyperlinks "pretty" by reinserting spaces, and presumably also reverting to lower case. This reprocessing of the link to enhance the readability of the anchor is, nevertheless, limited by the lack of capitalization information caused by CamelCase reversal. For example, "RichardWagner" ought to be rendered as "Richard Wagner", whereas "PopularMusic" should be rendered as "popular music". There is not any easy way to decide which capital letters ought to stay capitalized. As a result, many wikis now have "free linking" using brackets, and a few disable CamelCase by default.
Many North-Central varieties protect three distinct pronunciations for d, gi, and r, but the Northern varieties have a three-way merger, and the Central and the Southern varieties have a merger of d and gi but hold r distinct. At the tip of syllables, the palatals ch and nh have merged with the alveolars t and n, which, in turn, have also partially merged with velars c and ng within the Central and the Southern varieties. Although regional variations developed over time, most of these words can be utilized interchangeably and be understood properly, albeit with more or less frequency then others or with slightly different however usually discernible word selections and pronunciations. Some accents might combine, with words such dạ vâng combining dạ and vâng, being created.
Wikis have favored plain-text enhancing, with fewer and simpler conventions than HTML for indicating style and construction. Although limiting access to HTML and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) of wikis limits consumer capability to change the construction and formatting of wiki content material, there are some benefits. Limited access to CSS promotes consistency in the seem and feel, and having JavaScript disabled prevents a user from implementing code which will limit other users' entry.
Its vocabulary has had vital influence from Chinese and some from French. Wiki software is a type of collaborative software program that runs a wiki system, allowing net pages to be created and edited using a typical internet browser. It may be carried out as a series of scripts behind an present internet server or as a standalone application server that runs on one or more net servers.
Early linguists thought that this meant Vietnamese lexicon then acquired only two layers of Chinese words, one stemming from the period beneath actual Chinese rule and a second layer from afterwards. A massive number of words were borrowed from Middle Chinese, forming part of the Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary. These brought on the unique introduction of the retroflex sounds /ʂ/ and /ʈ/ (modern s, tr) into the language. Wikis can be created on a "wiki farm", where the server-side software is implemented by the wiki farm owner. Under Article 70 of the 1992 Constitution of Vietnam, all citizens enjoy freedom of perception and religion.[399] All religions are equal earlier than the legislation and each place of worship is protected under Vietnamese state legislation.
This signifies that authors can revert to an older version of the web page should it's necessary as a end result of a mistake has been made, such as the content material by accident being deleted or the web page has been vandalized to incorporate offensive or malicious text or different inappropriate content material. A wiki (/ˈwɪki/ (listen) WIK-ee) is an online hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience, utilizing a web browser. A typical wiki accommodates a quantity of pages for the subjects or scope of the project, and could be both open to the public or restricted to use inside a company for sustaining its internal information base. It is frequently created and updated, and encyclopedic articles on new events appear within minutes quite than months or years. Because anybody can enhance Wikipedia, it has turn into extra comprehensive, clear, and balanced than some other encyclopedia. Its contributors improve the quality and elon musk wikipedia amount of the articles as properly as take away misinformation, errors, and vandalism.
If an article or record receives different rankings by two or extra WikiProjects, then the best rating is used in the table, pie-charts, and bar-chart. The version's one-billionth edit was made on thirteen January 2021 by Ser Amantio di Nicolao (Steven Pruitt) who as of that date is the consumer with the very best number of edits on the English Wikipedia, at over 4 million.[4] Currently, there are 6,696,356 articles created with 903,970 information. The encyclopedia is house to 10.9% of articles in all Wikipedias (down from greater than 50% in 2003).[19][20] The English Wikipedia at present has forty five,977,858 registered accounts of which 893 are administrators. Whilst there have been any older slang words from earlier generations, the prevalence of uses of slang amongst young individuals in Vietnam, as specific teen communicate conversations turn into obscure for older generations and is subjected to debate generally. Some imagine that incorporating teen-speak or web slang right into a day by day dialog amongst teenagers will have an result on the formality and cadence of speech.[59] Others argue that it's not the slang that's the downside, but quite the dearth of communication strategies for the instant web messaging era. They imagine slang should not be dismissed, however instead, youth must be informed enough to know when to use them and when it's appropriate.
Using this method, Vietnamese has eight tones, but modern linguists only count 6 phonemic tones. Distinctive tonal variations emerged through the subsequent growth of the Vietnamese language and folks from the Red River Plain into what is now central and southern Vietnam by way of conquest of the ancient nation of Champa and the Khmer individuals of the Mekong Delta in the neighborhood of present-day Ho Chi Minh City, also identified as Saigon. Like many different languages in Southeast Asia and East Asia, Vietnamese is an analytic language with phonemic tone. It has head-initial directionality, with subject–verb–object order and modifiers following the words they modify.